| Unit 4 Global Warming（2） |
主编：黄冈中学英语集体备课组
Period I Warming up
What is energy?
It is power that is used to provide heat and drive machine such as oil and coal.
How many kinds of energy?
It is devided into two kinds: renewable energy and non-renewable energy
Can you make a list of renewable energy andnon-renewable energy?
Let’s enjoy pictures
Place and The Related Energy
Wind power
renewable energy
Place and The Related Energy
solar power
Place and The Related Energy
a hydro-electric dam water
geothermal energy
biomass energyMafeng tree is one of the resources of diesel oil.
The ebb tide and the rising tide can produce electricity tidal energy.
Place and The Related Energy
Non-renewable
a coal power station coal
Place and The Related Energy
oil refinery
oil
non-renewable
Place and The Related Energy
non-renewable
核能发电厂 nuclear energy
Things that use energy around us:
The Earth Is Becoming Warmer--But Does It Matter?
Picture reading
Let’s check it:
What is the writing style?
A.Expositive(说明文)
B. Practical (应用文）
C. Argumentative(议论文）
D. Narrative（记叙文）
答案：B
Look through the main text:
Scanning:
Divide the text into several proper parts:
Part 1: 1st para: Put forward the topic
Part 2: 2nd-5th paras:
How has global warming come about?
Part 3: 6th para:
Different attitudes towards global warming
Part 4: 7th para: Draw a conclusion
Detailed reading
Read the 2 graphs:
The 2 graphs are used to explain points by providing evidence
.
What do two graphs show us?
From 1860 to 2000, the global temperaturehas risen about 1 degree Fahrenheit.
Between 1957and 1997, the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere went up from around 315 parts per million to around 370 parts(白板上此处无需标点) per million.
How has the global warming come about?
It is human activity that has caused this global warming. Besides, the increase in the temperature is also due to burning of fossil fuels, some byproducts of which is called greenhouse gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide. We need small amounts of gases to keep the earth warm enough, but huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide may cause the global temperature to go up.
On one hand, we should protect our environment. We should make efforts to control all kinds of pollution.
On the other hand, we should save energy and make full use of every bit of energy.
THE EARTH IS BECOMING WARMER-BUT DOES IT MATTER？
During the 20th century the temperature of the earth rose about one degree Fahrenheit. That probably does not seem much to you or me, but it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes. So how has this come about and does it matter? Earth Care’s Sophie Armstrong explores these questions.
There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer(see Graph 1)and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.
All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy. Some byproducts of this process are called“greenhouse”gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide. Dr Janice Foster explains: “There is a natural phenomenon that scientists call the‘greenhouse effect’. This is when small amounts of gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour, trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth. Without the‘greenhouse effect’, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.”
We know that the levels of carbon dioxide have increased greatly over the last 100 to 150 years. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997. He found that between these years the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere went up from around 315 parts to around 370 parts per million(see Graph 2).
All scientists accept this data. They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. So how high will the temperature increase go? Dr Janice Foster says that over the next 100 years the amount of warming could be as low as 1 to 1.5 degrees Celsius, but it could be as high as 5 degrees.
However, the attitudes of scientists towards this rise are completely different. On the one hand, Dr Foster thinks that the trend which increases the temperature by 5 degrees would be a catastrophe. She says,“We can’t predict the climate well enough to know what to expect, but it could be very serious.”Others who agree with her think there may be a rise of several metres in the sea level, or predict severe storms, floods, droughts, famines, the spread of diseases and the disappearance of species. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air. They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences. In fact, Hambley states,“More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing. It will make plants grow quicker; crops will produce more; it will encourage a greater range of animals—all of which will make life for human beings better.”
Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. No one knows the effects of global warming. Does that mean we should do nothing? Or, are the risks too great?
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